Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) is a rare but serious condition that affects the blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord. It occurs when arteries and veins become tangled, disrupting normal blood flow and oxygen circulation. If left untreated, AVMs can lead to severe complications such as bleeding in the brain (hemorrhage), seizures, or neurological deficits. At BM Empire Multispecialist Hospital, Lagos’s foremost neurosurgery center, we specialize in the surgical excision of AVMs, offering cutting-edge treatments and compassionate care to patients. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the causes of AVM, the step-by-step surgical process, and what patients can expect during recovery
What is Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM)?
An AVM is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. This disruption can cause high-pressure blood flow, weakening the vessels and increasing the risk of rupture. While the exact cause of AVMs is often unknown, some factors may contribute to their development:
- Congenital Factors: Most AVMs are present at birth, suggesting a genetic or developmental origin.
- Trauma or Injury: In rare cases, head injuries or trauma may lead to the formation of abnormal blood vessels.
- Genetic Syndromes: Conditions like Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) are associated with a higher risk of AVMs.
- Unknown Causes: Many AVMs develop sporadically without a clear underlying cause.
Symptoms of AVM can vary depending on its size and location. Common signs include headaches, seizures, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, stroke-like symptoms.
Why Choose BM Empire Hospital for AVM Surgery?
At BM Empire Multispecialist Hospital, we pride ourselves on being Lagos’s leading neurosurgery hospital. Our team of highly skilled neurosurgeons, state-of-the-art technology, and patient-centered approach ensure the best possible outcomes for AVM patients. Whether you’re seeking diagnosis, treatment, or post-surgical care, BM Empire Hospital is your trusted partner in neurosurgical excellence.
Step-by-Step Guide to AVM Surgical Excision
Surgical excision is one of the most effective treatments for AVMs, especially for those at high risk of rupture. Here’s a detailed look at the process:
1. Pre-Surgical Evaluation
Before surgery, our team conducts a thorough evaluation to determine the size, location, and risk level of the AVM. This may include:
- Imaging Tests: MRI, CT scans, or cerebral angiography to visualize the AVM.
- Neurological Assessment: Evaluating the patient’s symptoms and overall health.
- Risk-Benefit Analysis: Discussing the potential risks and benefits of surgery with the patient and their family.
2. Anesthesia and Positioning
On the day of surgery, the patient is placed under general anesthesia. The surgical team carefully positions the patient to ensure optimal access to the AVM.
3. Craniotomy
A small section of the skull is removed (craniotomy) to access the brain. Our surgeons use advanced imaging guidance to locate the AVM with precision.
4. AVM Excision
Using microsurgical techniques, the neurosurgeon carefully separates the AVM from surrounding brain tissue. The abnormal vessels are clipped or cauterized to prevent bleeding, and the AVM is completely removed.
5. Closure
Once the AVM is excised, the skull bone is replaced, and the incision is closed. The entire procedure is performed with meticulous attention to detail to minimize risks and ensure the best outcomes.
Post-Surgery Care and Recovery
Recovery from AVM surgery is a critical phase that requires careful monitoring and support. At BM Empire Hospital, we provide comprehensive post-surgical care to help patients regain their health and quality of life.
1. Hospital Stay
Patients typically remain in the hospital for 5–7 days after surgery. During this time, our medical team monitors vital signs, neurological function, and any potential complications.
2. Pain Management
Pain and discomfort are common after surgery. Our team prescribes appropriate medications to manage pain and ensure patient comfort.
3. Rehabilitation
Depending on the patient’s condition, rehabilitation may include:
- Physical Therapy: To restore strength and mobility.
- Speech Therapy: If the AVM affected language or cognitive functions.
- Occupational Therapy: To help patients regain independence in daily activities.
4. Follow-Up Appointments
Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor recovery and detect any issues early. Imaging tests may be repeated to confirm the complete removal of the AVM.
5. Lifestyle Adjustments
Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities, maintain a healthy diet, and follow their doctor’s recommendations to support healing.
Why BM Empire Hospital Stands Out
- Expert Neurosurgeons: Our team includes some of the most experienced neurosurgeons in Lagos.
- Advanced Technology: We use the latest surgical tools and imaging techniques for precise and effective treatment.
- Compassionate Care: From diagnosis to recovery, we prioritize the well-being and comfort of our patients.
- Multidisciplinary Approach: Our specialists collaborate to provide holistic care tailored to each patient’s needs.
Take the First Step Toward Healing
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with an AVM, don’t wait to seek treatment. Early intervention can prevent serious complications and improve outcomes. At BM Empire Multispecialist Hospital, we’re here to guide you every step of the way.
Visit Us Today
Our hospital is conveniently located at 4 Amosu Street, Off Bode Thomas Street, Surulere, Lagos. Our welcoming environment and world-class facilities ensure that you receive the best care possible.
Contact Us Today
Call or chat with our front desk at 09068699032 to schedule a consultation or learn more about our neurosurgery services. Let us help you take the first step toward a healthier, brighter future